Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics of SB RAS

Our achievements in the field of elementary particles and nuclear physics:

• pioneer work in the development of the colliding beam method (being presently the main method in the high energy physics). We conducted the first electron-electron colliding beam experiments in the world in 1965; we made the first experiments in the world on the electron-positron interactions in 1967; we discovered the double bremstrahlung process and made the pioneering work in two-photon physics.
• study of vector meson characteristics on the electron-positron colliders VEPP-2, VEPP-2M, and VEPP-4.
• In 1970 phenomenon of multiple production of hadrons in electron-positron annihilation.
• From 1975 to 1985 the resonant depolarization method for the precise measurements of masses of elementary particles, and we attained the record accuracy in the measurements of the masses of the K-, rho-, omega-, phi-, psi- and upsilon-mesons.
• In 1978 effects of parity violation in atomic transitions, which was a confirmation of a unified theory of electroweak interaction.
• a method for carrying out experiments on the super-thin internal targets at storage rings.
• a study of the electromagnetic structure of a deuteron in polarized beam experiments.
• a method for producing intense fluxes of the marked gamma-quanta at high energy using inverse Compton scattering.
• new methods for detecting charged and neutral particles at high energies, We developed the following unique detectors for colliding beam facilities: OLYA, KMD-1, MD-1, KMD-2, ND, SND, KEDR.
• X-ray detectors which permit medical diagnostics with super low doses of irradiation.

Our achievements in the field of theoretical physics:

• a qualitative chaos theory in classic mechanics and a pseudochaos theory in quantum mechanics.
• the first calculation of beta-function in the Yang-Mills theory.
• the QCD sum rule method.
• prediction of a large magnification of parity violating effects in the neutron resonance of heavy nuclei.
• a theory of exclusive reactions in QCD.
• an operational approach to quantum electrodynamics in external fields.
• quantum electrodynamics in periodical structures including laser waves.
• the theory of radiation effects for high energy charged particles and photons passing through oriented monocrystals.
• an evolution equation in QCD theory for the distribution of partons over energies (BFKL-equation)
• prediction of a coherent effect in the gluon irradiation in QCD and study of its influence on hadron distributions.

Our achievements in the field of accelerator physics and technology:

• thirty years of experience in producing storage rings and devices with colliding beams.
• From 1965 through 1990 we invented, tested, and developed the method of "electron cooling" for beams of heavy particles. This method is used presently in all high energy physics laboratories throughout the world.
• novel, powerful FF-generators including the Gyrocon, the relativistic klystron, and the magnicon.
• From 1968 to 1992 the method of linear electron-positron colliding beams which aims at producing super high energies; At Protvino in the Moscow region we established the INP Branch to accomplish the VLEPP project; at present, the Branch activity focuses on finishing the most critical portions of the project.
• components and power supply sources for strong field pulse magnetic optics systems used presently in various laboratories.
• We invented and tested (1960-1964) the charge exchange injection method used presently at all large proton accelerators.
• theoretical and experimental studies of the stochastic instability and "collision effects" which limit the luminosity of colliding beam facilities.
• the physical concept of the so-called "electron-positron factories"- a new generation of electron-positron colliders with very high luminosity.
• powerful electron accelerators of low energy for various technological applications including environmental protection problems.

Our achievements in the field of plasma physics and thermonuclear fusion:

• mirror for plasma confinement and for the development of thermonuclear reactors.
• collisionless shock waves in plasma.
• new types of mirrors: the multi-mirror, the rotational plasma mirror, the ambipolar mirror and the gasdynamic mirror.
• the highly intense sources of surface-plasma with negative ions. These source are widely used through out the world.
• a powerful thermonuclear source of neutrons for the solid state studies.

Our achievements in the field of synchrotron radiation and free electron lasers:

• use of synchrotron radiation of the INP storage rings for various research and technological purposes. At present, the Siberian International Center of Synchrotron Radiation was established and functions within the INP.
• theoretical and experimental studies of particles in periodic structures (undulators, wigglers, crystals).
• development and fabrication of dedicated sources of synchrotron radiation.
• one- and two coordinate detectors for experiments with synchrotron radiation.
• the optical klystron, for obtaining the generation of coherent radiation ranging from the infra-red to the ultra-violet region of the spectrum.
• developing the most promising approach to the generation of a powerful free electron laser for photochemical studies and other technological applications such as the energy transfer from the Earth to satellites in space.

The Institute is involved in mutually beneficial collaborations with many laboratories and industrial enterprises:

• over one hundred experimental groups from various research Institutions of Russia and many other countries use our facilities;
• we are closely related to and actively collaborate with the European Center for Nuclear Research CERN, National Laboratories and Universities of the USA, Germany, France, Japan, the Netherlands, Finland, Sweden;
• at present, we perform contract work on the development of novel research apparatus for large foreign laboratories;
• we carry out mutual design and industrial work with many Russian enterprises which have novel technologies - especially with AU ZVI (Moscow);
• over one hundred and twenty of our powerful electron accelerators are operating at various technological centers in Russia, Ukraine, Belorussia, Germany, Japan, China, Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, South Korea, Italy, India. The Institute is a reliable partner in carrying out joint research and developments in the field of physics and has a good reputation in the world as a supplier of high technological equipment for research and industrial purposes.

We have not escaped the problems encountered presently by Russian science. However, despite this fact, we remain one of the largest Russian physics centers with an indisputably high reputation in the world scientific community.

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