INFORMATIVE VALUE OF DIFFERENT TRAITS

FOR ANALYSIS OF Scotch PINE POPULATION STRUCTURE

Chernodubov A.I.

The Voronezh state timber college, Russia

leskul@vglta.vrn.ru

At present time an intensive search of different traits and parameters of pine, describing genetic structure and artificial plantings, is conducting (Vidiakin, 1991; Goncharenko, etc., 1989, 1993; Mamayev, 1973; Pravdin, 1964; Putenikhin, 1993; Semerikov, 1986; Cherepnin, 1980; Chernodubov, 1998; Chudniy, 1982).

Research of pine populations structure is possible with use of most accessible external traits (needles, cones, seeds) and biochemical parameters (essential oils, enzymes).

In island pine forests (Khrenovskiy, Usmanskiy, Cherkassk, Novomoskovsk, cretaceous) it is revealed, that the most constant of investigated needles (the length, width, thickness, number of pitch channels) is number of pitch channels. For cones (length, diameter, index, relation of diameter to length), and cones’ forms (narrow, cone, wide) the most constant is a cones’ index. Most polymorphic are seeds (their total, quantity (amount) empty, full, weight of 1,000 pieces, color of seeds).

From biochemical traits the most informative are enzymes, which allow to determine a differentiations of population by parameters of similarity, and genetic distance or distance of Nei.

Research of structure of pine oils had show, that the greatest weight factor of dispersion falls is a share α-pinen, the second - limonen, and the third - terpinolen. Sum of dispersions has made 89.2 %.

The analysis of populations by separate traits and parameters give a contradictory picture. Only the joint analysis of all traits and parameters (needles, cones, seeds, enzymes, essential oils) with use of multivariate methods of analysis (the main components, klaster) allow to reveal the most informative from them: enzymes (56,2 % of dispersion), index or form cones (21,6 %), and the third factor (dispersion of 9,2 %) are components of monoterpen fractions of essential oils. The general dispersion of all three basic factors has made 87 %.

Thus, the complex research of all traits and parameters of Pinus sylvestris allow detach the most valuable traits which possible to use for investigation of genetic structure of populations in island pine forests.