THE FEATURES OF SCOTS
PINE TRACHEIDS IN THE PROVENANCE TRIAL
Kuzmin S.R.
V.N. Sukachev Forest
Institute SB RAS,
The objects of the wood anatomical
structure research were 30 years old Scots pine trees of different provenances,
growing on the dark-grey forest soil in a provenance trial in the Boguchany Forestry of Krasnoyarsk krai,
The comparison of the cell number and
tree ring width between climatypes was carried out
taking into account the stand density. Cell number and tree ring width were shown
to be negatively correlated with stand density. In spite of the higher tree
density, the northern climatypes differed from the southern
ones by greater cell number in tree ring row and tree ring width. It
can be explained by the earlier start of vegetation and cambial activity of the
northern climatypes. It influenced the portion of
young wood, as the northern climatypes and
representatives of subspecies «sibirica» had bigger
one. Representatives of subspecies «kulundensis» had smaller
portion of young wood.
Anatomical studies of tree ring tracheids revealed significant differences between climatypes of «lapponica» and «kulundensis» subspecies. The most important parameter to
differentiate the climatypes was cell wall thickness
of the young wood as climatypes of the «lapponica» subspecies showed less cell wall thickness and
cell wall area of the young wood.
High variability and sensitivity to
weather are characteristic for the late wood. The late wood also showed
differences between the northern and southern climatypes
in cell wall thickness, with the exception of the Kandalaksha
climatype. In Kandalaksha
the climate differs from provenances of the other northern climatypes.
The climatypes of the subspecies «kulundensis»
were more sensitive to moisture during the whole vegetation period s was
displayed by their bigger capability for false ring formation among southern climatypes. The diameter of tracheids
of the young wood to a greater extent reflects the adaptation of a genotype to the
weather conditions on the trial site.
Thus comparative analysis of wood anatomy
of Scots pine trees showed that genetic program of northern climatypes
is directed to thin-walled cells formation, while the southern climatypes are genetically programmed to thick-walled cells
formation. Persistent differences between climatypes in
the anatomy of tree rings and the synchronism of their year to year changes confirmed
that the studied anatomical parameters reflect the features of seasonal tree
growth and are under control of external and internal factors. Internal factors
are specified by origin place. These factors determine stable differences between
climatypes in diameter, cell wall thickness, cell
wall and lumen area of tracheids against the
background of year to year differences caused by climatic conditions.