GENETIC-SELECTION
ESTIMATION OF TEST CULTURES OF
Pinus sylvestris L. AND Picea obovata Ledeb.
Makhnev A.K., Lebedev
A.Y., Umanova N.Y.
The
Botanical Garden of the Urals Department of RAS,
The first order
(generation) test cultures of a Pinus sylvestris and Picea obovata, layed
up in 1981-1997 yy. in the
south of
The purpose of work was the comparative
genetic-selection estimation of descendants of plus trees in test cultures for
identification of elite trees, perspective for laying of the test cultures
second order. As a material for an appropriate estimation the outcomes of
periodic registration of growth and state of descendants of 374 plus trees are
used.
The estimation of frame
test cultures on energy of growth and state with the help three-factor
hierarchic and other models dispersion (one-factor, two-factor) analyses has
allowed to reveal a share of effect of the separate factors or contribution
them in a general dispersion. At that established, that the share of effect of
the factor of a geographical parentage of plus trees make up on the average
some of percents, is minimum, but in separate experience (the table) is
statistically significant. Further under the contribution, 14 % is
customary not superior the factor of a family fitting follows. Then the factor repetitive experiment, including
interaction genotype - environment, follows, the
contribution makes which one about 20 %. Completes the given number of the
factors a residual dispersion, coming on individual
variability, the share by which one reaches 90 %.
Thus, established, what even on territory, rather limited in the
geographical schedule, the populations forest forms of species were formed, including
Pinus sylvestris, correlated on the
ecological-biological properties with a peculiar nature-climatic complex, that
is mirrored in energy of growth of descendants of plus trees from these populations. The given phenomenon testifies
to prospects of population selection, level with individual.
The outcomes of the
analysis of frame of a test cultures dispersion have shown, that the
significant part of a dispersion, coming on the repetitive experiment factor,
testifies about insufficient representative sampling of the control and
uniformity of conditions of a background, first of all edaphic,
on which one the experiment is made.
One of the most
essential moments influential in a correctness of a comparative estimation of
properties of genotypes is the degree of their reproducibility defined by
retests with usage seeds of a crop of miscellaneous years, which one in studied
test cultures has appeared insufficient in most cases. On a complex of
parameters with usage of a number of the tests 61 trees are selected, a part
from which one (23 trees of a pine and 11 spruce) under the totals of a
short-term estimation (5-10 years) are referred to a category of the
conditional candidates in elite plus trees, and the remaining 27 trees received
an estimation by way of intermediate term monitoring (15-20 years), are
referred to the candidates in elite plus trees and are recommended as initial
for backfill of the test cultures second order.
The table
– Frame of variability of a height of a test cultures pine (share of the
contribution of the factor in a general dispersion, %)
|
The factor |
Year and region of laying of cultures |
||||||
|
1981,
Mountain Ural |
1994,
Mountain Ural |
1996,
Mountain Ural |
1997, Mountain Ural |
1997,
Eastern-Ural |
|||
|
Year of measurements |
5 |
10 |
5 |
10 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
|
Geographical parentage |
2.8* |
1.5 |
1.3 |
0 |
0 |
14.5*** |
0 |
|
Family |
1.2 |
0.2 |
2.4 |
4.0* |
13.6*** |
3.8** |
10.9*** |
|
Repetitive experiment |
21*** |
23*** |
7.8*** |
8.5*** |
21.5*** |
15.3*** |
13.1*** |
|
Residual dispersion |
75.0 |
75.3 |
88.5 |
87.5 |
64.9 |
66.4 |
76.0 |
|
The note -
* p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001. |
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