Abstracts

Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco, is important forest-forming species of North America. In Europe it is planting in forest cultures very successfully. There are Douglas-fir stands in Moscow and Moscow Province, Lipetsk and Voronezh Provinces, Tatarstan. It is also represented in botanical gardens and arboretums in the Urals, Siberia and the Far East: in Yekaterinburg, Omsk, Novosibirsk, Barnaul, Vladivostok and Sakhalin (Catalogue of cultivated…, 1999).

The study of growth peculiarities of Douglas-fir in Bashkir Cis-Urals is carried out by us in comparison with Picea obovata Ledeb. and Abies sibirica Ledeb.: these species are unified in tribus Abieteae of Pinaceae family. The investigation objects are Douglas-fir trees in coniferous site in Ufa Botanical Garden (17 specimens) as well as Douglas-fir stand on the area of 0.25 ha in Oktyabrsky town (the western part of Bashkortostan near the boundary with Tatarstan).

Taxation of Douglas-fir stand in Oktyabrsky shows that growing stock in the age of 50 years reaches here about 479 cub. m. Douglas-fir stand productivity at the same age consists of 481 cub. m in Germany, 445 – in Latvia, 540 – in Ukraine, 820 – in Lipetsk Province in Russia (Shchepotyev, 1982). Thus, Douglas-fir under the conditions of Bashkortostan demonstrates high productivity. About 17000 units per ha of reliable regrowth are enumerated in the stand so the species is able to natural regeneration in the region.

When growth studying of Pseudotsuga menziesii, Picea obovata and Abies sibirica in Ufa at the age of 25-35 years the following parameters are got: average tree height of P. menziesii is 7.0±0.17 m, P. obovata – 7.4±0.41 m, A. sibirica – 5.7±0.36 m; average stem diameter of P. menziesii is 11.5±0.43 cm, P. obovata – 11.5±0.69 cm, P. obovata – 7.7±0.65 cm; average last years height increment of P. menziesii is 62.9±4.66 cm, P. obovata – 52.6±3.22 cm, A. sibirica – 31.1±3.70 cm. The most significant differences between P. menziesii on the one hand and P. obovata and A. sibirica on the other hand are found for annual growth increment for the last years. Besides, A. sibirica is yield to over species in height and diameter. The received data show that high growing stock accumulating in Douglas-fir stands (see above our data for Oktyabrsky) may be explained by significant increase of annual last year growth after age of 25-30 years old.

Estimation of vitality state of Douglas-fir in Ufa shows that all the trees are characterizing as “health”. There are no revealed considerable pathology on stem and stem bark. In 2005 we found two cones affected by Diorictria abietella; but other pests are not fixed for 4 years observation period. Douglas-fir is characterizing by I ball of hardiness except of a single example of f. viridis (III balls). Beginning of Douglas-fir vegetation in Ufa is about middle of May, while in Moscow it starts month earlier namely in the middle of April (Tree plants…, 1975). The phase of “flowering” starts at the beginning of May; cones mature in the middle of September. Thus vegetative period in Bashkir Cis-Urals is shorter than in Moscow about a month. The data obtained testify to perspective of more wide breeding of Douglas-fir in the regions with temperately continental climate.

Note. Abstracts are published in author's edition

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