Abstracts

The review of karyology of modern Gymnosperms with the use of database «The chromosome numbers of Gymnosperms» is done. This base is created in laboratory of forest genetics and selection of V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS. All numbers of chromosomes of Gymnosperms and information on their morphology accessible from the bibliography of the works are added to the base. There is information about 1036 species, 85 genius, 15 families, 10 orders and 4 classes of Gymnosperms and 1787 references in base at present.

The review of all known numbers of chromosomes is presented for each taxon. So, the number of chromosomes in the most studied families of Cupressaceae  and Pinaceae are known at 65% and 81% species, accordingly. On other hand, the species of families of Podocarpaceae and Taxaceae (30% and 59% species accordingly), and also Agathis (20%) from family of Araucariaceae are studied not enough.

Short information about the features of morphology of chromosomes of different systematic groups of Gymnosperms is resulted. It is exposed, that the morphology of chromosomes about 30% species of Gymnosperms is known. The chromosomes of Gymnosperms are characterized small distinction of sizes and morphology. As a rule, the chromosomes of Gymnosperms are metacentric or submetacentric (Coniferous), rarer there are species with acrocentric (class of Cycadopsida) and telocentric (Podocarpaceae) chromosomes.

Information on different chromosomal deviations of Gymnosperms is generalized. So, B-chromosoms were described in 13 genius and 33 species of Gymnosperms. The gaploids were found out in five species of Gymnosperms, aneuploids – in 15 species, mixoploids -  in 28 species, poliploids – in more than 50 species. Most number of poliploids, aneuploids and mixoploids are in family of Pinaceae. The last researches allowed revealing the mixoploids and aneuploids in the species of Larix, Picea, Pinus, Abies, and also Juniperus, Thuja and Chamaecyparis.

Gymnosperms – ancient original group of plants requires further comprehensive research including the methods of karyology and cytogenetics. Till now the numbers of chromosomes and feature of structure of chromosomes of many species of Gymnosperms are unknown. The researches in this area will help in the decision of many problems of systematization and evolution of this group of plants.

Note. Abstracts are published in author's edition

Comments

[Home] [Conference]

© 1996-2000, Institute of computational Techologies SB RAS, Novosibirsk
© 1996-2000, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science, Novosibirsk